Integrity in Publishing

January 29, 2013

Integrity in Publishing

Introduction

The 腿栓芙郊利 has updated its Policy on Replication and Integrity in Academic Publishing

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We are pleased to share with you the updated 腿栓芙郊利 Policy on Replication and Integrity in Academic Publishing and a statement by the 腿栓芙郊利 Vice President of Publications. The policy took effect January 1, 2013. If you wish to share comments on the new policy we encourage you to send those to the editor of the journal on which you serve as a reviewer or Associate/Area Editor.

Thank you.

Robert Lusch, Vice President of Publications, Journals (rlusch@email.arizona.edu)
Gary Frazier, Editor, Journal of Marketing (frazier@marshall.usc.edu)
David Griffith, Editor, Journal of International Marketing (david.a.griffith@lehigh.edu)
Robert Meyer, Editor, Journal of Marketing Research (meyerrjmr@wharton.upenn.edu)
David Stewart, Editor, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing (David.Stewart@lmu.edu)
Christopher Bartone, Director of Publications, Journals

A Note from The 腿栓芙郊利 Vice President of Publications

Recent events worldwide regarding research ethics have sensitized scientists, across the natural and social sciences, to the critical role of integrity in science. Marketing science is no exception and the 腿栓芙郊利 (腿栓芙郊利) has a special obligation to strengthen and clearly communicate its policies on research integrity. The 腿栓芙郊利 has had long-held policies aimed toward fostering ethics and the sharing of information to enable replication. All along, the goal was to help advance marketing science by more validation of empirical findings and hopefully move the discipline toward well-established empirical generalizations and principles of marketing.

After dialogue with many marketing scholars and with Gary Frazier, Editor of the Journal of Marketing; David Griffith, Editor of the Journal of International Marketing; Robert Meyer, Editor of the Journal of Marketing Research; and David Stewart, Editor of the Journal of Public Policy & Marketing; along with Christopher Bartone, Director of Publications of all four 腿栓芙郊利 journals, and Dennis Dunlap, 腿栓芙郊利 CEO, we concluded that it was best to substantially strengthen the 腿栓芙郊利 journals policy on integrity in research. We believe strengthening of the policy will help to establish more self and peer controls and ultimately help develop professional norms that better advance the practice of science in marketing. Although the strengthened policy does not require the sharing of data as a general condition of publication, it does require the sharing of data during the review process on the occasions this can be helpful to reviewers and editors in making sound editorial judgments. Also, in selective situations, the sharing of relevant data in a published manuscript may be best for the general welfare of the marketing science community and for marketing practitioners as well.

As you read the policy you will note that it is written at a sufficiently precise level to signal clearly normative expectations, but yet is sufficiently broad to allow the policy to be adaptive to changing research methods and techniques. At the 腿栓芙郊利 we have always allowed journal editors to operate under broad editorial policies and guidelines to enable them to be editors and make value judgments. The new policy continues this tradition.

We are especially proud that many marketing scholars and scientists are now often talking among themselves and with doctoral students about issues of research integrity. We also praise the efforts of several marketing journals to establish new policies on research integrity and, in some cases, data sharing. There is no doubt that different journals will adopt different approaches to these issues. Indeed, we hope as a diversity of approaches are tried and policies implemented, that over time a set of norms will emerge and be co-created by the relevant stakeholders. With that in mind, 腿栓芙郊利 will review the new policy by July 1, 2014. Marketing as an academic discipline is now over 100 years old. The 腿栓芙郊利 recently celebrated its 75th anniversary and it should be proud of the role it has played in the development and growth of the marketing discipline. Perhaps, there is no better time than now to take stock of what the marketing discipline has become, with an eye toward what marketing and marketing science might become, if it is to uphold its contract with society.

Robert F. Lusch
Vice President Publications

腿栓芙郊利 Policy on Replication and Integrity in Academic Publishing

I. Overview: Replication and/or Extension of Results

The 腿栓芙郊利 (腿栓芙郊利) is committed to fostering the meaningful exchange of information to help create an environment for constructive criticism and free exchange of ideas. As publisher of the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of International Marketing, and Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, the 腿栓芙郊利 expects authors to adhere to the highest standards of integrity in research and the communication of research results and findings. Papers submitted to 腿栓芙郊利 journals should include enough information (including in-text, Web appendix, or other online supplements) to allow a reasonably trained researcher to replicate the results. This should include a precise description of the research and analysis procedures.

The 腿栓芙郊利 requires the authors of manuscripts submitted to 腿栓芙郊利 journals to share additional details of their research findings and insights when requested by a journal editor. Although sharing and posting of data are not required, such additional information may include computer code, instruments, and other relevant information deemed necessary to facilitate replication. If there are any proprietary restrictions on information, authors must notify the editor at the time of manuscript submission.

II. Additional Supplementary Materials During the Review Process

In addition to the above, during the course of the review process, the editor may request additional materials—including data—if they are seen as essential for judging the merits of the research. Data and other requested materials would be viewed confidentially by the review team. The editor must be notified in advance if such requests could not be met due to proprietary or other restrictions.

III. Dissemination of Additional Supplemental Materials

In addition to providing a detailed description of research procedures, authors of manuscripts accepted for publication in 腿栓芙郊利 journals are encouraged to post additional supplemental materials that would support replication of their research, including data materials. The 腿栓芙郊利 will provide an online platform for authors and scholars to upload, download, and discuss any such materials. Interested parties may also contact authors directly to request additional materials to facilitate replication.

IV. Protecting Intellectual Property

The 腿栓芙郊利 is committed to the protection of intellectual property. When supplementary materials are requested during the review period, they will be subject to the 腿栓芙郊利’s double-blind peer-review process to maintain author anonymity. Note, however, that author anonymity is not uniform for all 腿栓芙郊利 journals regarding Area Editors or Associate Editors. It is at the discretion of the sitting editor if AEs are made aware of author identification.

Review team members will not use ideas from or show another person the manuscript or supplementary materials they have been asked to review without the explicit permission of the manuscript’s author, obtained through the journal editor. Advice regarding specific, limited aspects of the manuscript may be sought from colleagues with specific expertise, provided the author’s identity and intellectual property remain secure.

V. Falsification of Data/Misreporting of Data

The 腿栓芙郊利 expects all submissions to include data that are honestly and accurately reported according to the accepted best practices of scholarly publishing. In instances in which falsified or misreported data are suspected, the procedures outlined below will be followed. In any instance of suspected misconduct, the 腿栓芙郊利 pledges to carry out the process of detection, investigation, and penalty with fairness and confidentiality during the internal inquiry. The process for detection, investigation, and, if necessary, penalty and retraction for suspected falsification/misreporting of data is as follows:

Detection
Each respective journal Editor, along with the Editorial Board and non–Editorial Board reviewers, will serve to detect instances of data falsification. When an Editor suspects malfeasance (or is informed by a reviewer who suspects malfeasance), he/she will make a judgment whether the claim has any merit. If the Editor determines that there has been potential misconduct, he/she will inform both the Vice President of Publications and Managing Editor and provide a detailed account of the possible violation or misconduct. In the case in which work has been published, readers suspecting falsification/misreporting should contact the editor. The sitting editor will then review the case, operating under the policies provided herein.
Investigation
When informed by the journal Editor, the Vice President of Publications will determine whether further investigation is required. The Vice President of Publications may choose to assemble a review committee of scholars to determine the exact nature and extent of the suspected misconduct. Each individual investigation may warrant the assembly of a new ad hoc committee. Any committee member who is perceived to have a conflict of interest must recuse him-/herself from the process. The Editor of the journal in question will not serve on the committee. If it is determined that an act of misconduct has been committed, the Vice President of Publications will inform the author(s), in writing, with a detailed description of the alleged offense. The Vice President of Publications will offer the author(s) an opportunity to respond to the allegation. In events in which more than one author is involved, the authors may collaborate on their response or respond individually. If the committee concludes that no offense has been committed, no further action will be taken, and the Vice President of Publications will inform the authors. If the committee determines that there has been misconduct, the process will move into a penalty phase.

To conduct a full and fair investigation, The 腿栓芙郊利 may require authors to provide materials that go above and beyond the aforementioned. If a paper uses proprietary data covered by a nondisclosure agreement signed by the author(s) and the author(s) are not able to meet the data requirements, the committee chair may ask for specific (appropriately redacted) details of the agreement that prevent the authors from providing the required materials. The committee may choose to provide an exemption. If the committee chooses not to waive the requirements, the author(s) will have the option of withdrawing the paper from the journal review process. However, in such cases, the committee chair may determine to continue the investigation and levy a penalty if misconduct is suspected. All information provided will be used solely for the purpose of conducting the investigation. All information will remain private and will not be distributed beyond the investigating committee. All materials will be destroyed upon the conclusion of the investigation.
Penalty
In the event that an author (or authors) is found to have engaged in some form of misconduct, he/she will be subject to a penalty, the nature and extent of which will be determined by the Vice President of Publications with the advice and counsel of the committee members. The penalty will be commensurate with the nature of the offense and will likely include a ban on submitting to any journal published by the 腿栓芙郊利 for a period of time. All sitting Editors of 腿栓芙郊利 journals will be informed of the penalty. The committee is empowered to customize penalties for each individual author in instances in which multiple authors are involved. In extreme circumstances, the committee reserves the right to inform an author’s institution, depending on the seriousness of the offense.
Article Retraction
In the event that ethical misconduct (e.g., misrepresentation/falsification of data, pervasive errors, plagiarism, multiple submissions) is determined to have occurred in a manuscript published in an 腿栓芙郊利 journal, the 腿栓芙郊利 reserves the right to issue a public retraction of the manuscript in question. The retraction will come in the form of a note published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The article’s citation will be labeled as “Retracted” in all databases and the electronic version of the manuscript file will be clearly marked as “Retracted.”

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